How to Let Users Upload Comment Images in WordPress ( Attachments Too)

Looking for a way to let users upload comment images or videos at your WordPress site?Facebook lets users posts images in the comments. So does Reddit, and most forums, and just about every social network.  So, why not add this functionality to your WordPress sites comments section?To help you do just that, well show you how to use a free WordPress plugin to let users upload their own images (or even videos) to your comments sections. Comment images allow people to add user-generated content to your blog postslike someone sharing pictures of their trip to Florence on a post about Italy.You give people the chance to respond with memes, making the conversations more visual and fun.You dont have to limit your comment uploads to images. Some companies might find it helpful to allow PDF or video uploads.How to let users upload comment images in WordPressTo let users upload comment images in WordPress, you can use a free plugin called Comment Attachment:Item not found:"comment-attachment "does not exist.Beyond letting users upload images, this plugin also gives you the choice of allowing videos, PDFs, and other file type uploads.To get started, install and activate the plugin on your WordPress site. If you have any questions about installing a WordPress plugin, take a look at our guide on this topic.Note this plugin will only work with the default comments section. It will not work if youre using a third-party comments solution  like Disqus or Postmatic.Step 1: View the frontend of a blog postOnce youve activated the plugin, it starts working right away. To preview the default functionality, go to the frontend of your website and scroll down to the comments section on a blog post.You should see the standard Leave a Reply text and the comment box. But now, a Choose File button also shows up, along with a list of the allowed file types.Click on the Choose File button and select a JPG or PNG image from your computer. Type some text into the comment box, then click o n the Post Comment button.You should now see a thumbnail version of the image right below the comment!Step 2: Adjust your settings for comment imagesAs you saw above, the Comment Attachment plugin works fine right out of the box. However, you may want to change around the layout of your upload area or maybe restrict the uploads for certain file types.To do so, go to Settings Discussions in your WordPress dashboard.The first collection of settings involves items for the display of your comments and upload features.How you customize this is up to you, but I recommend changing the attachment field title to make it more fun or related to your brand. For instance, a technical support blog may say something like Please upload a screenshot of your issue.You can also change the image attachment size to make it a little bit bigger than a thumbnail.Other than that, there are some additional settings you can modify, such as requiring an attachment, changing the position of the attachment in t he comment, and linking to the attachment in the comment (this one is important for documentsmore on that below).At the bottom of the page, you can also specify which file types are allowed for uploads, which is important for a few reasons.First of all, youll notice that a few of the file types dont work that well. For instance, animated GIFs dont play, so it would be pointless to support that. In addition, you dont want to accept files types that arent relevant to your blog or business. As an example, a technical support team for a software company probably doesnt need to accept audio clips.So, go ahead and choose the file types you would like to permit. After that, dont forget to save your changes.Step 3: Test out the comment images and other attachmentsNow its time to go back to the comment section on one of your blog posts. You should now only see the file types you accept and whatever display changes you made in the settings.Bonus: Handling attachments other than imagesThis plu gin does a wonderful job of displaying image attachments in the right formats. For instance, uploading a video or audio clip automatically embeds the media into the comment, as seen below.However, documents are a little different. For some reason, the default settings show the file name of the document in the comments, but without a link. This is obviously useless.In order to add a link to the document (and all attachments,) go back to the Settings page and find the line that reads Make attachment in comment a link? Make sure this is checked. After that, all of your document attachments will provide a link for people to click on and download.Bonus 2: Managing comment images and attachments from the backendIts not uncommon  for site moderators to view, delete, and approve comments from the WordPress dashboard.If this is the case for your operation, youll be happy to know that all of the comment attachments are shown in the Comments area of WordPress. All you have to do is click on the attachment link to view the item.Therefore, you can still moderate the attachments for spam as you would any other WordPress comment.Have any more questions about activating comment images in WordPress? Let us know in the comments section below and well try to help. Want a more multimedia #WordPress #comments section? Here's how to let visitors attach images

Blade Runner essays

Blade Runner essays Blade Runner is a movie based on the future. Harrison Ford is an officer that is in charge of destroying robot humans, replicas that have gone bad. The style of the movie is one of the last movies that didnt use computer graphics. This is a big hurdle to overcome for the director. I enjoyed this movie. It was an actioned pact and had a great look to the directors ideas of what the future will look like. Every detail was cool, the cars and building, and the different devices in telling if someone is a real human or not. The thing that I found interesting is that the director used a lot of dark shots, filled with smoke and very dungy looking. I picture the future very well lit, and had clean air. The director used smoke filled rooms and "yucky" looking shots. I found it interesting to see a different view of the future. The director probably used these dark conditioned to disguise the special effects and lack of technology and computer graphics. But I feel it worked. I thought the movie had an interesting feel to it, seeing these scale models to represent large futuristic cities. Harrison Ford seemed to be a 60's detective but living in the future. He played the role good. He fit the role, because he looks like he doesn't trust people. He looks at people as if he is analyzing them, and in this movie he actually is. It is his job, a good role for him. The director touches on a controversial subject. But the subject is a hot topic now, even more now then when the movie was made. It seemed like the movie should be made now. The controversy of computer and artificial intelligence is an important topic right now. Even cloning is a controversy. Everyone is worrying about what will happen if we make artificial life. But this movie gives an idea of what could happen. I thought it was very interesting. It made me think about the decisions we make now will impact the fu ...

Something to do with nutrition Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Something to do with nutrition - Research Paper Example Interestingly, maternal malnutrition also leads to adult obesity (464). In the developing fetus, malnutrition leads to changes in the pancreas structure and function, and this persists into adulthood. In addition, changes in brain structure make it more difficult for the adult to process food properly. A program in the United Kingdom is teaching health practitioners, including midwives, the importance of prenatal nutrition (Nursing Standard, 2009). Nutrition during pregnancy is important, but creating a â€Å"healthy family lifestyle for the baby to be born into† could make a lasting impact on the obesity epidemic (11). If trends continue, by the year 2050 two-thirds of all children aged 0-10 may be overweight or obese (Shepherd, 2009). Childhood obesity leads to a long list of adult diseases which could be at least partially prevented through proper weight. It is also well-known that a healthy body image also prevents certain mental disorders. Certain biological processes are set in the developing fetus. A child exposed to malnutrition or over-nutrition while in the womb starts out life behind. Over-nutrition, as well as under-nutrition, create a poor environment for the developing fetus. If health practitioners are more aware of proper maternal nutrition, including proper weight control and nutrient intake, mothers can avoid a host of problems for their children both before and after birth. Huang, J., Lee, T., Lu, M. (2007, September). Prenatal programming of childhood overweight and obesity. Maternal and Child Health Journal, 11(5), 461-473. Retrieved 18 April 2009 from CINAHL Plus with Full Text database. Shepherd, A. (2009, February). Nutrition in infancy and childhood: a healthy start means a healthy future. Primary Health Care, 19(1):41-49. Retrieved 18 April 2009 from CINAHL Plus with Full Text

OPERATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

OPERATION - Essay Example At the same time, Deere also aligned its production processes with sales forecasts, supplier lead times, and customer demand for the products, which enabled the company to immediately respond to rapid changes in product demand and reduce the company's vulnerability to external factors that affect its profitability and operations. Similarly, Revlon's recent inventory restructuring initiative was influenced by the increased need to optimize all aspects of the company's resources to meet greater customer-service expectations and to manage capital flows from inventory to other business activities such as research and product development. In contrast with Deere's efforts, Revlon emphasized a process-based approach to reduce inventory costs. This entailed targeting the inefficient parts of the company's supply chain for restructuring in order to achieve a better synchronization across the functional areas of the business. For one, Revlon focused on making sustainable changes by changing at titudes and behavior within the company that contributed to inefficient business processes in order to align leadership and management practices with the demands of the new inventory management process.

STA Travel Business Strategy

STA Travel Business Strategy STA travels primary aim is attract young and active as well as adventurous consumers anywhere around the world. A sensible business strategy might be to offer what the customer want when they need it, By operating more than 400 retail agencies around the world STA continues to take more risky environment and would planning to expand into new markets to further its reach in to the student travel world. As many of organizations, STA travel managers give the impression that upgrading or changing components of information system will positively impact a business strategy. Therefore it takes advantage to expand it market by developing staff training mechanisms on networking system and modernizing its electronic communication with their customers. STA provided BLUEe which is a single booking system pointed to every purchase in STA travel by offering features on network, infrastructure, finance and operating system. Furthermore STA make available to their customers a highly interactive webs ite which attributing video reports STA customers about their travel destinations and freely downloading facilities the second life client or mainland as an advantage to becoming a playing member. It is important to balance the strategy triangle. By making any changes in the information strategy or organization strategy in first then the triangle getting out of balance and will be have an effect on other involving areas too. By considering on that view point when STA building their virtual world they do changes in business strategy like making staff are more productive and making widest possible work place opportunities. As well as STA travel is trying to attract more customers by holding expensive resources, using expertises knowledge and international programs in their group service division. By building these changes they trying to make connection between managers and their travelers. STA travel build a contract to develop their marketing attendance on second life through the computer simulated virtual world. As a well run organization the business strategy of the STA makes the rest of the organizational and informational strategy is not appear a big different. Organisation Strategy When considering the STA travel organisation design, STA had grown-up and spread out its global reach through a chain of mergers. To responsive to their globally distributed and various cultural consumers that the STA organised around responsiveness and would be including elements of autonomy, empowerment and authority as close to the action as possible. If organisation needs to have responsive, it would not work to have centralized decision making authority. Because it takes long time to get information up and decisions back to the field. The travelling process organised through the market analysis and service histories. Also they do series of organisational process (such as STA travel second life, by building a virtual world) and make sure customers the STA travel is able to actually ready to provide their booking service when customer need their service. STA designed web portal attract more travellers in to business and provide more information by downloading second life client software guide. From this second life web site STA travel offer their potential players to free download game and through the online the software connected to the grid computer servers and it is hosting one small area of many islands and the mainland. The new organisation structure in STA is centralized and provide more flexible infrastructure. Accordingly it has most advantageous of environment for monitor and implement new process. STA travel implements shared services measurement for certain processes and functions. And also STA provide level of structure when they making any decisions (CODA Group, p.3) In STA second life travel locations structure organisation would include; Dedicated portal and orientation island this will provide easy ways students to joint their second life and learn to find the way to the virtual world Virtual dorms helps to have private meetings and get together. Virtual travel destination provide experience in Mayan ruins, Asian temples and French cafes. STA travel main office provide the tour package information Produced Live weekly events and tours Sandbox provide practice to build own their virtual world. Information Strategy STA travels information strategy supports its business strategy through the innovation and openness. It has decentralized information strategy in each business unit and each unit responsible for their own IT operations. Currently STA has consistent and cost effective IT base that provide facilities to maintain of their world around operations. (Savvis ,2009,p.) Its web portal attract potential travellers by permitting their customers to downloads their client software and maintain online travel arrangements to suit the needs of the business. Their web sites provide mechanism to connect to their world wide travellers, to take their bookings, to provide services when the traveller needs more information regarding any destination and link to other branches. In STA most counties web pages consist look and feel and each country marketers feel free to design their marketing campaign using methods attach to internet. Fir instance, the US office run a virtual marketing campaign for spring break called body shots. To get more advantage they advised it on face book and Myspace too and also they offer facility to their customers to contact them through emails. STA taking the advantages of the through their new web technology such as they used to advertise, set up discussion groups and entertainment , use tools like second life to promote its services. Furthermore, STA travel information strategy support to their business strategy by helping to meet their business objectives of revenue generation as well as increasing referral income and improving online business sales conversion rates. Moreover, STA travel accept to work with IBM global Business Service and build up long term business plan with them to develop their business strategy. Also they help to STA travel to implement a global electronic commerce technology system to control STA across multiple web sites as the same time they offering the elasticity to adopt their local content. By having support from IBM and Open Text, STA travel keep up their latest online tends to get more benefit on their global business. The STA travel increasing their sites demand by offering new facilities, such as user generated travel log access and personal recommendation. Very speedily they rolled out new online services to thirteen countries. They can easily and quickly make the updates and changes in the web sites. Because the template or code of the web site updates are implement only once to the master project. (Open Text, 2009) It is good having virtual staff with proper information technology knowledge according to their whole system changes, because it will be more efficient and lead to increase their production and business operations. The STA travel flexible information structure supports the innovation and creativity to its business strategy. 2. According to porters value chain model STA travel also do some activities that create, deliver and support the organizations service. The real world From the beginning STA travel attract their customers through the retail travel agencies. Most of these agencies located in the near or on the campuses. When they started to run their application through internet they met new online competitors. For a instance, student universe and student city and less focused online travel agencies like Travelocity and Expedia. However porters value chain model suggests that competition can come from lowering the cost to perform activities and adding value to product or services. To be approachable to their global and culturally different customers STA travel gives more independent, responsibility and authority coverage. STA travel branches in each country have a power to maintain their own travel sales and marketing arms. north American STA division owned highly interactive web site which providing video reports about their travel destinations. As we can also think that there is tremendous relationship between STA travel business and information strategy. Because of the information system completely support what STA travel trying to accomplish in their business plan. Such as STA travel provide flexible and reliable information on a worldwide scale through their web site. They introducing different cultures, provide the experiencing with variety people and places around the world, make study groups, works and entertainment facilities. STA travel business model build up to meet the individual customer requirements through their on line booking and information system. STA travel expecting feed back about their quality vision from customers. Also they visible in the value chain on the product and service selling point, the place the where the travelers buying their tickets, in the airline operating point. STA always able to provide best value for their customers and had world class finance foundation in the financing system. (CODA Group, p.) The virtual world The work package as described in the contract with Electric Sheep Company (ESC) will develop virtual marketing on second life. This package given more attention to the island by designing high visibility site regarding on second life, producing the island and manage the events. Also by using electronic performers firm organized to marketing in virtual environment. From the second life web site players can download the client game software. Once in the online the client software connected to a grid of computer servers, each hosting area contain many islands and mainland which present in the second life. Machinima competition among current residents of second life is important point in the virtual world value chain because machinima is a style of movie making by using avatar as members of the cast and then using those entire make a film mix with virtual world context too. Selected videos provide within second life with their service information. STA travel provides opportunities to players to make up initial design of their online persona their avatar. From this mechanism players can see back of their avatar, nearby people, signs and buildings. And For new players system provide basic tool including instant massage and chat capabilities for communication with each other. In the contract mentioned that island include the STA mall and presenting free or with payment virtual goods which providing from second life trades, community lounge area, exhibition area for holding the events, STA information centre, various online initiatives and information about their travel partners. Further more plan to provide mix of tours of second life, live music from local musicians as well as tutorial sessions. 3. STA is a larger globally expanded student travel agency, presently attracting more than 6 million travelers world widely. It provide reasonably price as well as wide spread services to their customers. Such as financing air and train tickets, booking facilities for travelers accommodations, work and tours and study programmers. Furthermore they provide subsidiary services relating to their main services. Such as shopping discount cards, travel insurance, electronic visa processing system and discounted cell phone services too. Additionally, STA travel organization locates their retail agencies around the world and operates numerous call centers and stylish web site which make easier access to their world wide customers when their bookings and online travel research and customer support service. (Savvis ,2009,p.) STA travel is more competitive, well leading sales organization. By presence in second life, STA travel arranged more web base analysis and activities than earlier life. By providing free downloading client software to second life or occurring facilities to visit mainland. Because of more entertainment and new technology they use STA able to achieve more customer satisfaction and attraction. Second life strategy generates numerous destination islands to attract more customers and holding machinima competition among the second life clients. Machinima the movie making style make films by using avatar as cast members and with the context of virtual world. The main idea is to boast second life members who already make virtual world. STA travel used some of selected movies to provide information regarding existing visiting places and more details about those packages. The orientation island is another important element in the second life strategy. Most of the organization makes it to promote their island but it is main barrier to newcomers. For the eve ry newcomers orientation island provide lessons in communication, mobility and also avatar outfitting. However, it is difficult to maintain and attract return visitors in Destination Island. Newly, STA introduce new social community service to their customers such as share stories and questions with each other in the world. In the second life strategy STA travel try to maximize their online campaign by keep an eye on all activities on web applications. Additionally, make the improvement in visitors online visit by using analytics web tools and given that broader approaching to business performance. 4. As mentioned in case, still STA travels does not sign contact and its work package explain that commitments to develop virtual market in the second life. The Electronic Artists, a specializing company in marketing virtual environments will be going to create web blog. However keep the machinima completion with other second life residents. It is good idea making movie in the context of virtual world and planning to attract more clients and by using best selected movies to provide same real world services to second life. By taking advantage in virtual STA in second life customers can save time and money taking information from web portal before actually they make any tour. other interesting point in here is the earlier visit traveler can make an web account by placing their own tour experiment in second life and have a discussion group and also they can make feed back about STA travel campaign. STA virtual world applications help to predict customer behavior by providing Enjoyment attractions. 5. When considering the STAs virtual world, there are several threads we can face, such as use of new technology, IT support, business development, arising legal security issues, grown up content and discussion group and cost.For the large scale of virtual world need speedy computer processor and video cards with steady network. Therefore players want to familiar with the new technology parts and need to have knowledge in IT environment. STAs virtual world completely run by the grid computer server therefore it is essential for the IT support to maintaining and running the STAs virtual world. by considering current and future business development it is essential to take expertises support in their IT strategy and wants to handle the system carefully. Another challenge STAs virtual world has to face with the personal information safety and data protection. Players mostly concerns security issues given by the vendors before they enter to the second life. When bearing in mind the content o f the virtual world, concerns of the legal issues important point to vendors, for an instant gambling. When providing software guide about the virtual world it is vital to think about time they have to spend. Most of players expecting shot time leaning curves. STA needed carefully planned about their investment for lon term virtual world development.( Penfold, 2008,p.) The SWOT analysis used to concerns the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threads for STA virtual world in second life. Strengths Providing better travelling experience with enjoyment is main advantage I can see in the STA virtual world in second life. Pdf6 Considering the network services it is providing quicker, easier online facilities such as through the web portal they can access user travel logs and private advice. STA own independently running web sites all around the world. (Open Text, 2009) Weaknesses main disadvantage is the cultural differences they have to face with when they expanding globally. Technology difficulties are the next weakness that the STA has to familiar in their virtual world in second life. Because the there are able to occurring functionality difference from site to site. and also to provide learning-edge services to younger generation is more costly. (Open Text, 2009) Opportunities STA virtual world in second life adding variety of interactivity and enjoyment opportunities for their clients life. Social interaction and group communication is another opportunity can be able to access. ( Penfold, 2008,p.) During the team players communication virtual world helping them by providing instant feedback, can be set up trust through several communication paths and enable to remove boundaries in geographic and culture differences. Can offering a chance to improve their member attraction by providing playful environment. (Owens,Davis,Murphy,Khazanchi Zigurs, 2009) Threats when considering further more, the time limits, new technology support and available resources are main challenges in the second life. ( Penfold, 2008,p.) It is challenging to find new technology well-known and educated audience in each location. In addition, it is not easy task to control content of individual sites and always to keep STA travel organizations information current. (Open Text, 2009) 6. It is not true that attendance of STA virtual world cannibalizing its real world presence. STA virtual world just only taking more advantages in business strategy than real world by improving their earlier web based technology capabilities. For a instance the machinima style just has step further technology advantage only the content or the services by using it same as STA provided in their real world, providing existing visiting places information and information reflect to how to travelers get there. Because of virtual world capabilities providing more facilities to collaborate and interact its more attractive with second life members. Furthermore in the virtual world student can easily and quickly give feedback on their experience and to make upgrades and changes in the web sites is quicker than eailer. (Owens, Davis, Murphy, Khazanchi Zigurs, 2009) The virtual world development and vividness of environment have some similarities to the real world web. In the virtual business in second life have joint technology like stream media, 3D together with grid computing and all are apply in to the virtual world structure. Therefore in conclude can suggest development of the virtual business strategy is parallel to the earlier web base business development have in the real world. And these business relationships more effectively help to the virtual world developments. (Wei, 2007,p.) 7. To get better answer for this question I suggest it is important to go beyond with the benefits severing by STAs virtual world in second life. Second life is likely a virtual world society. Virtual world has brightness environment and new technology ability to make available occasion to build social interactions and partnership with other team members. Also virtual world and its technology ability support teams to take challenges in IT field. This technology facility is unique advantage in the virtual world. By using STAs virtual world technology capabilities quickly members can have face to face group discussion using their avatar in virtual space. Members can modify, design and build their avatars like to produce direct trust. Another advantage and possible chance that people can taken from current virtual world technology is can share virtual objects and documents in between virtual world and other software tools too. And new technology expertises expect that this opportunity will be explore within the virtual competitors. (Owens,Davis,Murphy,Khazanchi Zigurs, 2009) Furthermore, virtual world provide more cost effective platform to discover STAs travel destinations. For the newcomers they provide a flexible introductory programmers and chances to have an experience in virtual world and offering student support for innovation and research on traveling destination. Another point we need to bare in mind that most of second life competitors having the benefit from virtual world technology. Virtual world is not just a fun space it have potential improvement in educational programmes too. ( Penfold, 2008,p.) By considering above facts I suggest that STA management may taken this action by bare in mind that their main target audience is younger generation and usually students like to move to virtual world in second life fun to use, make more interest in learning and have an interactive experience. In addition, uses and technology capability provide in the virtual world in the second life be able to carry on wider grow globally. Because currently, most of the young people use virtual technology to learn, entertain and work as also build up more social interaction. More over, nowadays among the younger generation the time virtual world is becoming a more common place for communicating with each other including instant massage, chat facilities and email service in the virtual space. (Penfold, 2008)

BP Management Planning

Direction We strive to be a safety leader in our industry, a world-class operator, a responsible corporate citizen and a great employer. We are working to enhance safety and risk management, earn back trust and grow value. Keeping a relentless focus on safety is a top priority for us.Good management of risk helps to protect the people at the frontline, the places in which we operate and the value we create. We understand that operating in politically-complex regions and technically- demanding geographies, such as deep water and oil sands, requires particular sensitivity to local environments. We continue to enhance our systems, processes and standards, including how we manage contractors. ( Bp † ‘ , 2012) Situational Analysis Mitigate and eliminate situations that put the company at risk. Goal transparency is key to building trust and relationships.Simplify goals so interpretations are clear Have a broader presence in the communities we serve. Communicating is key to buil ding trust and relationships. Alternatives Mistrust by the community Lack of generated revenue Increased injuries to our team Lack of knowledge regarding BP Misconceptions regarding BP Possible increase revenue by the competition Goals Recognize potential for our presence to impact the lives of indigenous communities. Sensitivity to community displacement as a result of our company projects. Complete Revenue transparency with governments, nongovernmental organizations and international agencies.Manage environmental sensitivities and the potential impacts on communities. Create a culture of Safety. Oversight Day-to-day risk identification and management occurs in the group operations and functions, with the approach varying according to the types of risk we face. Oversight and governance occurs at board, executive and function levels to help foster effective group-wide oversight, business planning and resource allocation, intervention and knowledge sharing.

Critical Review of Macbeth by William Shakespeare Essay

Introduction Not only is Macbeth by far the shortest of William Shakespeare’s great tragedies, but it is also anomalous in some structural respects. Like Othello (1604) and only a very few other Shakespearean plays, Macbeth is without the complications of a subplot. (Bradley, 1905) Consequently, the action moves forward in a swift and inexorable rush. More significantly, the climax the murder of Duncan takes place very early in the play. As a result, attention is focused on the various consequences of the crime rather than on the ambiguities or moral dilemmas that had preceded and occasioned it. Overview In this, the play differs from Othello, where the hero commits murder only after long plotting, and from Hamlet (1600-1601), where the hero spends most of the play in moral indecision. It is more like King Lear (1605-1606), where destructive action flows from the central premise of the division of the kingdom. Yet Macbeth differs from that play, too, in that it does not raise the monumental, cosmic questions of good and evil in nature (Shakespeare, 1992). Instead it explores the moral and psychological effects of evil in the life of one man. For all the power and prominence of Lady Macbeth, the drama remains essentially the story of the lord who commits regicide and thereby enmeshes himself in a complex web of consequences. When Macbeth first enters, he is far from the villain whose experiences the play subsequently describes. He has just returned from a glorious military success in defense of the crown. He is rewarded by the grateful Duncan, with preferment as thane of Cawdor. This honor, which initially qualifies him for the role of hero, ironically intensifies the horror of the murder Macbeth soon thereafter commits. His fall is rapid, and his crime is more clearly a sin than is usually the case in tragedy. It is not mitigated by mixed motives or insufficient knowledge. Moreover, the sin is regicide, an action viewed by the Renaissance as exceptionally foul, since it struck at God’s representative on earth. The sin is so boldly offensive that many have tried to find extenuation in the impetus given Macbeth by the witches. However, the witches do not control behavior in the play. They are symbolic of evil and prescient of crimes which are to come, but they neither encourage nor facilitate Macbeth’s actions (Wills, 1994). They are merely a poignant external symbol of the ambition that is already within Macbeth. Indeed, when he discusses the witches’ prophecy with Lady Macbeth, it is clear that the possibility has been discussed before. Nor can the responsibility be shifted to Lady Macbeth, despite her goading. In a way, she is merely acting out the role of the good wife, encouraging her husband to do what she believes to be in his best interests. She is a catalyst and supporter, but she does not make the grim decision, and Macbeth never tries to lay the blame on her (Wills, 1994). When Macbeth proceeds on his bloody course, there is little extenuation in his brief failure of nerve. He is an ambitious man overpowered by his high aspirations, yet Shakespeare is able to elicit feelings of sympathy for him from the audience. Despite the evil of his actions, he does not arouse the distaste audiences reserve for such villains as Iago and Cornwall. This may be because Macbeth is not evil incarnate but a human being who has sinned. Moreover, audiences are as much affected by what Macbeth says about his actions as by the deeds themselves. Both substance and setting emphasize the great evil, but Macbeth does not go about his foul business easily. He knows what he is doing, and his agonizing reflections show a man increasingly losing control over his own moral destiny. Although Lady Macbeth demonstrated greater courage and resolution at the time of the murder of Duncan, it is she who falls victim to the physical manifestations of remorse and literally dies of guilt. Macbeth, who starts more tentatively, becomes stronger, or perhaps more inured, as he faces the consequences of his initial crime. Conclusion The play examines the effects of evil on Macbeth’s character and on his subsequent moral behavior. The later murders flow naturally out of the first. Evil breeds evil because Macbeth, to protect himself and consolidate his position, is forced to murder again (Harbage, 1963). Successively, he kills Banquo, attempts to murder Fleance, and brutally exterminates Macduff’s family. As his crimes increase, Macbeth’s freedom seems to decrease, but his moral responsibility does not. His actions become more cold-blooded as his options disappear. Shakespeare does not allow Macbeth any moral excuses. The dramatist is aware of the notion that any action performed makes it more likely that the person will perform other such actions. The operation of this phenomenon is apparent as Macbeth finds it increasingly easier to rise to the gruesome occasion. However, the dominant inclination never becomes a total determinant of behavior, so Macbeth does not have the excuse of loss of free will. It does however become ever more difficult to break the chain of events that are rushing him toward moral and physical destruction. As he degenerates, he becomes more deluded about his invulnerability and more emboldened. What he gains in will and confidence is counterbalanced and eventually toppled by the iniquitous weight of the events he set in motion and felt he had to perpetuate. When he dies, he seems almost to be released from the imprisonment of his own evil. References Bradley, A. C. (1905). Shakespearean Tragedy. London: Macmillan. Harbage, Alfred. (1963). William Shakespeare: A Reader’s Guide. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux. Shakespeare, William. (1992). Macbeth. Alan Sinfield (ed. ). Houndsmills, England: Macmillan. Wills, Garry. (1994). Witches and Jesuits: Shakespeare’s â€Å"Macbeth. † New York: Oxford University Press.